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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Jefferson |government_footnotes = |government_type = Council-Manager |leader_title = City Council |leader_name = Mayor Deloris "Bobbie" Prince Robert Troy Elizabeth "Liz" Segler Morris Albright III Willie "Bae" Lewis Jr. Raymond Scott Jr. Robert E. Williamson Derrick Freeman Kerry "Twin" Thomas |leader_title1 = City Manager |leader_name1 = Floyd T. Johnson |established_title = |established_date = |website = (PortArthur.net ) |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 372.3 |area_land_km2 = 214.8 |area_water_km2 = 157.6 |area_total_sq_mi = 143.8 |area_land_sq_mi = 82.9 |area_water_sq_mi = 60.8 |population_as_of = 2000 |population_footnotes = |population_total = 57755 |population_density_km2 = 268.9 |population_density_sq_mi = 696.5 |timezone = Central (CST) |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = -5 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 2 |elevation_ft = 7 |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |latd = 29 |latm = 53 |lats = 6 |latNS = N |longd = 93 |longm = 56 |longs = 24 |longEW = W |postal_code_type = ZIP codes |postal_code = 77640-77643 |area_code = 409 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 48-58820〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=United States Census Bureau )〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1384151 |footnotes = }} Port Arthur is a city in Jefferson County within the Beaumont−Port Arthur Metropolitan Statistical Area of the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 53,818 at the 2010 census. Early attempts at settlements in the area had all failed. However, in 1895 Arthur Stilwell founded Port Arthur, and the town quickly grew. Port Arthur was incorporated as a city in 1898 and soon developed into a seaport. It eventually became the center of a large oil refinery network.〔(Port Arthur incorporates )- Retrieved 2013-09-10〕 The Rainbow Bridge across the Neches River connects Port Arthur to Bridge City. ==History== Aurora was an early settlement attempt near the mouth of Taylor Bayou on Sabine Lake, about long and wide. It is a saltwater estuary formed by the confluence of the Neches and Sabine rivers. Through its tidal outlet long, Sabine Pass, Sabine Lake drains some of Texas and Louisiana into the Gulf of Mexico. The town was conceived in 1837, and in 1840 promoters led by Almanzon Huston were offering town lots for sale. Some were sold, but Huston's project failed to attract many settlers. The area next was known as Sparks, after John Sparks, who moved his family to the shores of Sabine Lake near site of Aurora. The Eastern Texas Railroad, completed between Sabine Pass and Beaumont, Texas, passed four miles west of Sparks. However, the American Civil War soon began, and rail lines were removed. In 1886, a destructive hurricane hit the coast, causing the remaining residents to dismantle their homes and move to Beaumont. By 1895, Aurora had become a ghost town. Arthur Stilwell led the resettling of the area as part of his planned city of Port Arthur. Pleasure Island now separates the city from the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The man-made island was created between 1899 and 1908 by the Corps of Engineers to support development of the port. Arthur Stilwell founded the Port Arthur Channel and Dock Company to manage the port facilities. The port officially opened with the arrival of the British steamer ''Saint Oswald'' in 1899. (The ship would later sink in 1915, after colliding with the French battleship ''Suffren'' during World War I.) When oil was discovered in the region, Port Arthur developed for a time as the center of the largest oil refinery network in the world.〔Hunt, Herschiel. ''The History of Port Arthur''. Southern Publishing Concern, 1926.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Port Arthur, Texas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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